History of Tinsukia

The History of Tinsukia

The ancient name of Tinsukia was Bangmara which was orginally known as Changmai Pathar. It was the capital of Muttack Kingdom. The Bangmara city was built by King Sarbananda Singha with the help of his Minister Gopinath Barbaruah alies Godha. The city was built in the middle of the present Tinsukia City (near the Senairam H.S. School). As per the direction of Sarbananda Singha, Godha Baruah dug a triangler shaped pond in Bangmara which is known as "Tinikunia Pukhuri". In 1884 Dibru-Sadiya Rail line was constructed and a station was setup near the "Tinikunia Phukhuri" which was named as Tinsukia. Since then the City was popularly known as Tinsukia.
	The muttack Kingdom occupied a distinct place in the history of Assam during the later part of the 18th century and the early part of 19th century. The Moamareeyas or the Muttacks turned the history of the mighty Ahom Kingdom by leading the historic Moamareeya Rebellion, which may be described as the first socio-political movement in the history of Assam.
A view of Tinikunia Pukhuri

According to the map prepared by Captain Hemilton Vetch in 1841, a large portion of present Dibrugarh and Tinsukia district had been identified as "Bengmara Country of Moamareeya Tribe" with its capital at Bengmara (present Tinsukia). In the history of Assam, this Bengmara Country was later popularly known as Muttack Country of Soumar, early name of a region in the North East corner of Assam.

The First King of Muttack Kingdom was Swargadeo Sarbananda Singha. Sarbananada Singha established his capital at Rangagarah situated in the bank of river Guijan. In 1791 A.D. he transferred his capital to Bengmara.

Several tanks were dug in the days of Sarbananda Singha viz.,Chauldhuwa Pukhuri,Kadamoni pukhuri,Da Dharua Pukhuri, Mahdhuwa Pukhuri, Bator pukhuri,Logoni Pukhuri, Na-Pukhuri,Devi Pukhuri,Kumbhi Pukhuri,Rupahi Pukhuri etc.
Apart from the these ponds there are many ancient roads constructed in different parts of the Muttack territory. Godha-Borbaruah road, Rangagarah road, Rajgor road and Hatiali road were main roads within the territory.

Swargadeo Sarbananda Singha

Swargadeo Sarbananda Singha was the first King of Muttack Kingdom. Earlier known as Mezera, who rose from a very humble position to become an able administrator. His determination, spirit and love for freedom is adorable.

After becoming King, Mezara adopted the name Sarbananda Singha. Sarbananda Singha introduced coins after his name. In Saka 1716 and 1717 he inscribed the title Swargadeo in the coins.

TINSUKIA DURING BRITISH ERA

In 1823 British first discovered Tea Plant in Sadiya and the first Tea Plantation was started in Chabua near Tinsukia. The name Chabua comes from "Chah-Buwa"(Tea Plantation).

In 1876 Coal was found near Ledo and Margherita

In 1882 Crude Oil was struck in Digboi and Country's first Oil well was built at Digboi in 1889 and the refinary which was later built at Digboi was the first refinary in Asia and third in the World.

In 1882 the "Dibru-Sadiya Railwayline" was inaugurated through Tinsukia, which was the turning point in the Economical History of North-east India.

Adarsha Prathamic Vidyalaya, First educational institute of Tinsukia, was established in 1897

On 20th March'1934 Mahatma Gandhi visited Tinsukia and addressed a public meeting at Kachujan field.

In 1934 Jawaharlala Nehru visited Tinsukia,Digboi,Doomdooma etc.


Country's first Oil well Built at Digboi in 1889	Tea Garden that gives riches and greenery to Tinsukia	Oil Collection Station of Oil India Ltd.	The Steam Engine of 1884-still in service at NECF(CIL) Margherita	The Emenrgency Landing Strip near Ledo used by Allied Force during World War-II	Ledo Brick-Factory second in Asia

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